On 21 January 2026, the Government of Rwanda presented its Fourth National Report under the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) during a session of the Human Rights Council in Geneva. The statement was delivered by the Minister of Justice and Attorney General, Dr. Emmanuel UGIRASHEBUJA, on behalf of the Government of the Republic of Rwanda.

Addressing the Council, Dr. UGIRASHEBUJA emphasized Rwanda’s continued commitment to constructive dialogue, cooperation, and mutual learning within the UPR framework. He noted that Rwanda’s fourth engagement with the UPR since the mechanism’s establishment reflects the country’s belief in the review as a practical tool for assessing progress, identifying gaps, strengthening institutions, and improving the lives of citizens.

The Minister recalled Rwanda’s profound transformation since the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi, which left the country devastated, with over one million lives lost, millions displaced, and state institutions severely weakened. He highlighted that Rwanda’s recovery was shaped by deliberate choices made by its people: to stay united, to be accountable to themselves, and to think big about the country’s future.

Building on these foundational choices, Rwanda has placed the promotion and protection of human rights at the center of its national development agenda. Dr. UGIRASHEBUJA underscored that the National Strategy for Transformation Phase II (NST2, 2024–2029) integrates human rights as a cross-cutting priority, linking economic and social development with peace, security, justice, and accountable governance.

Since its previous review in January 2021, Rwanda has worked to implement the 160 recommendations it accepted, through policy reforms, strengthened coordination, and investments in public institutions and services. While acknowledging the progress made, the Minister reaffirmed that advancing human rights is an ongoing process requiring continuous improvement, openness to scrutiny, and collaboration among national stakeholders and development partners.

The preparation of Rwanda’s fourth UPR report followed an inclusive and consultative process coordinated by the Ministry of Justice through the National Mechanism for Implementation, Reporting and Follow-Up (NMIRF). The process involved all branches of government, the National Commission for Human Rights, civil society organizations, and development partners. Nationwide consultations were conducted over the past five years to assess progress and inform the report.

In concluding, Rwanda expressed appreciation to all stakeholders, including One UN Rwanda, OHCHR, and UNDP, as well as Member States for their advance questions. The Government reaffirmed its readiness to engage openly in the interactive dialogue and to continue strengthening human rights protection for all Rwandans.

Opening Statement of the Government of Rwanda at the Fourth Universal Periodic Review